Types of shots

The following are types of shots commonly used in film, video, and animation. Different shot sizes are a major distinction among these types of shots. The shot size determines how large an area will be visible within the frame, with the distance between the camera and the subject varying accordingly.

Common Shot Sizes

Extreme Close-Up (ECU)

Focuses on a very small detail or feature of the subject, such as an eye or a hand.
Used to highlight intricate details or convey intense emotion.

Close-Up (CU)

Captures the subject's face or another specific part of the subject closely.
Used to show expressions and emotions clearly.

Medium Close-Up (MCU)

Frames the subject from the chest up.
Balances between showing facial expressions and some body language.

Medium Shot (MS)

Shows the subject from the waist up.
Commonly used for dialogue scenes, providing a balance between the subject and their surroundings.

Medium Long Shot (MLS)

Frames the subject from the knees up.
Used to show the subject in the context of their environment while still focusing on them.

Long Shot (LS)

Captures the subject's full body along with a significant portion of the surrounding environment.
Useful for establishing context and showing action.

Extreme Long Shot (ELS)

Shows the subject from a great distance, making them appear small in the frame.
Often used to establish a location or set a scene.

Additional Shot Types

Two-Shot

Includes two subjects in the frame.
Commonly used in conversations to show the interaction between characters.

Over-the-Shoulder Shot (OTS)

Taken from behind one subject, focusing on another subject in the frame.
Used in dialogue scenes to show the perspective of one character looking at another.

Point-of-View Shot (POV)

Shows the scene from the perspective of a character.
Helps the audience experience the scene as the character sees it.

High Angle Shot

Camera is positioned above the subject, looking down.
Can make the subject appear smaller, weaker, or more vulnerable.

Low Angle Shot

Camera is positioned below the subject, looking up.
Can make the subject appear larger, more powerful, or more imposing.

By understanding and utilizing these various shot types and sizes, filmmakers and animators can effectively convey emotions, emphasize details, and create a dynamic visual narrative. Each shot type serves a specific purpose and can greatly influence the storytelling and viewer engagement.